Arachnids (Aranei, Opiliones) from grass stand and forest litter in the Urals, Russia

說明

資料紀錄

此資源sampling event的資料已發佈為達爾文核心集檔案（DwC-A），其以一或多組資料表構成分享生物多樣性資料的標準格式。 核心資料表包含 1,351 筆紀錄。

亦存在 1 筆延伸集的資料表。延伸集中的紀錄補充核心集中紀錄的額外資訊。 每個延伸集資料表中資料筆數顯示如下。

此 IPT 存放資料以提供資料儲存庫服務。資料與資源的詮釋資料可由「下載」單元下載。「版本」表格列出此資源的其它公開版本，以便利追蹤其隨時間的變更。

版本

以下的表格只顯示可公開存取資源的已發布版本。

如何引用

研究者應依照以下指示引用此資源。:

Nesterkov A, Zolotarev M, Belskaya E, Tuneva T (2021): Arachnids (Aranei, Opiliones) from grass stand and forest litter in the Urals, Russia. v1.13. Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology (IPAE). Dataset/Samplingevent. http://gbif.ru:8080/ipt/resource?r=arachnids_ural&v=1.13

權利

研究者應尊重以下權利聲明。:

此資料的發布者及權利單位為 Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology (IPAE)。 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.

GBIF 註冊

此資源已向GBIF註冊，並指定以下之GBIF UUID: e170dbd1-a67f-4514-841c-5296b290ca90。  Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology (IPAE) 發佈此資源，並經由Participant Node Managers Committee同意向GBIF註冊成為資料發佈者。

關鍵字

Occurrence; arachnida; aranei; opiliones; diversity; abundance; sex; life stage; Samplingevent

聯絡資訊

地理涵蓋範圍

The studied areas are located in the southern taiga zone of the Central and Southern Urals. The polygon at the Central Urals is located 60–70 km westbound from Yekaterinburg in primary spruce-fir and secondary aspen-birch forests with secondary upland meadows created through clear-cutting. At the Southern Urals two polygons are located in 10 and 60 km NE from Miass, in pine-birch forest.

分類群涵蓋範圍

The dataset contains all of the information obtained during the sampling for the Arachnida class (including Aranei and Opiliones orders). General taxonomic coverage is 1 phylum, 2 orders, 23 families, 115 genera, 178 species.

計畫資料

無相關描述

參與計畫的人員:

取樣方法

1. Sampling of meadow grass stand invertebrates with biocenometer was carried out no closer than 10 m from the forest edge. The points for installing the biocenometer were chosen randomly but at intervals of no less than 5 m. The sampling procedure was carried out from 9:00 to 21:00 local time. The sampling plots were examined on the same day. Morning-, midday-, and evening-time-collected samples were available for each investigated plot. Sampling was timed to the second half of every summer month (10 samples per plot) from 2006 to 2008. 2. Sampling of forest litter invertebrates was conducted with two general schemes. Line-designed scheme includes 5 pitfall traps per trapping line, with a spacing of 3 m, and 3 lines per sampling plot (a total of 8 plots). Matrix-designed scheme includes 7×7 matrix of pitfall traps with 10 m spacing on a single sampling plot. Locations of every trap were permanent throughout the study. Traps were emptied once per 3 to 6 days. Sampling was conducted in two-time sets – May–June and August–September (which is timed to the peak abundance of spring-summer and summer-autumn species) in 2004, 2009 and 2013 (for line-designed trapping) and in 2005 and 2018 (for matrix-designed trapping).

方法步驟描述:

1. 1. Sampling of grass stand invertebrates was carried out at 3 permanent free-form sampling plots (approximately 2500 m² in size) that were positioned at a distance of 100–300 m from each other in the lower parts of the secondary upland meadows created through forest clear-cutting more than 60 years ago. Sampling was timed to the second half of every summer month from 2006 to 2008. Sampling was performed by using a modified biocenometer consisting of a bottom (metal frame 50×50 cm) hermetically connected to a cube-shaped covering of a dense cloth. One of the lateral sides of covering was sewn from nylon gauze (mesh diameter 0.25 mm) and used as a light screen to attract invertebrates with positive photokinesis. The opposite-to-screen side of covering contains an aperture with an inlet valve for the researcher. Invertebrates were collected with a suction sampler from a light screen and inner surfaces of biocenometer until the new targets stopped appearing. All the plants that got inside were also processed with a suction sampler (to gather invertebrates), cut with scissors at ground level and taken away for a manual check for hidden invertebrates. Then the biocenometer was turned over and its inner surface and seams were examined, as well as the soil surface and bases of plant stems. All detected invertebrates were devitalized by ethyl acetate and preserved in 70% alcohol. The sampling procedure was carried out from 9:00 to 21:00 local time. All three sampling plots were examined on the same day. Morning-, midday-, and evening-time-collected samples were available for each investigated plot. The points for installing the biocenometer were chosen randomly but at intervals of no less than 5 m. 10 samples per plot were taken in each summer month.
2. 2. Pitfall trapping was carried out in biotopes most typical for the studied areas: primary spruce-fir forest, secondary aspen-birch forest and pine-birch forest. Sampling plots were founded in sites with the lowest degree of degradation of woody vegetation. Barber’s traps were used (plastic glasses, diameter 8.5 cm, 3% acetic acid solution as a fixative) in line–designed and matrix–designed schemes. Line-designed scheme (5 traps per line with 3 m spacing between traps, 3 lines per sampling plot no closer than 100 m from each other, 8 plots (each approximately 2400 m² in size) in total were examined both in spruce-fir (3 plots) and aspen-birch (5 plots) forests; matrix-designed (7×7 matrix of traps with 10 m spacing) on a single square-form sampling plot (3 600 m²) in a spruce-fir forest. All plots and locations of every trap were permanent throughout the study. Sampling was conducted in two-time sets – May–June and August– September (which is timed to the peak abundance of spring-summer and summer-autumn species) in 2004, 2009 and 2013 (for line-designed trapping) and in 2005 and 2018 (for matrix-designed trapping). The traps were emptied once per 3 to 6 days; all collected invertebrates were preserved in 70% alcohol.
3. 3. Identification was carried out in laboratory using (Nentwig et al., 2019) for spiders, and identification keys of (Farzalieva, Esyunin, 1999) for harvestmen, as well as some additional monographs.

收藏資料

引用文獻

1. Farzalieva G, Esyunin S (1999) The harvestman fauna of the Urals, Russia, with а key to the Ural species (Arachnida: Opiliones) // Arthropoda selecta. v8. P. 183–199
2. Nentwig W, Blick T, Bosmans R, Gloor D, Hänggi A, Kropf C (2019) . Version 04.2019. Online at https://www.araneae.nmbe.ch, accessed on 01.04.2019. doi: 10.24436/1
3. World Spider Catalog (2020). World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch, accessed on 12.04.2020. doi: 10.24436/2
4. Jong Y et al. (2014) Fauna Europaea – all European animal species on the web. Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e4034. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e4034
5. Nesterkov A, Zolotarev M, Belskaya E, Tuneva T (2020) Arachnids (Araneae, Opiliones) from grass stand and forest litter in the Urals, Russia. Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e55242. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e55242

額外的詮釋資料